Apple Cider Vinegar: What It Is, How to Use It, and What “With the Mother” Means
Apple cider vinegar is made through two fermentations: yeasts convert apple sugars to alcohol, then acetic-acid bacteria convert that alcohol to acetic acid. The “mother” is a cellulose-rich matrix associated with acetic-acid bacteria and fermentation material. Its presence signals a less-filtered product, but solid clinical evidence does not show that the mother makes the vinegar medically superior.